Some students prefer to learn by taking notes from a lecture by a noted scholar. Others prefer to be more actively involved in the learning process. The case method of instruction, using issues and problems that have occurred in real companies, is viewed by many as the most effective way to learn to manage a business and solve business problems. Between the pure lecture approach and the pure case discussion approach, a variety of other methods exist, including workshops, where students have to perform some tasks in class, demonstrations and presentations by the instructor or by students, and work on consulting projects. The lecture approach involves the least interaction among students and instructors and the case method the most. This attribute measures the degree to which the school uses the case method of instruction.